Reactive attachment disorder can only be diagnosed in children, and features of the disorder develop within the first 5 years of life. Even when an adequate primary caregiver is newly available, the child does not turn to the primary caregiver for comfort, support and nurture, rarely displays security-seeking behaviours towards any adult, and does not respond when comfort is offered.
"Reactive attachment disorder is characterized by grossly abnormal attachment behaviours in early childhood, occurring in the context of a history of grossly inadequate child care (e.g., severe neglect, maltreatment, institutional deprivation). The draft ICD-11 criteria for Reactive Attachment Disorder gives this description: ICD 11 draft - Reactive Attachment Disorder Code 7B24 The most recent approved version of the International Classification of Diseases, the diagnostic guide published by the World Health Organization is the ICD-10, published in 1992. Specify current severity: Reactive attachment disorder is specified as severe when a child exhibits all symptoms of the disorder, with each symptom manifesting at relatively high levels." :265-266 ICD Diagnostic Criteria Specify if: Persistent: The order has been present for more than 12 months. The child has a developmental age of at least 9 months. The disturbance is evident before age 5 years. The criteria are not met for autism spectrum disorder.į. The care in Criterion C is presumed to be responsible for the disturbed behavior in Criterion A (e.g., the disturbances in Criterion A began following the lack of adequate care in Criterion C.)Į. institutions with child-to-caregiver-ratios.)ĭ. Rearing in unusual settings that severely limit opportunities to form selective attachments (e.g.Repeated changes of primary caregivers that limit opportunities to form stable attachments (e.g., frequent changes in foster care.).Social neglect or deprivation in the form of persistent lack of having basic emotional needs for comfort, stimulation, and affection met by caregiving adults.The child has experienced a pattern of extremes of insufficient care as evidenced by at least one of the following: Episodes of unexplained irritability, sadness, or fearfulness that are evident even during nonthreatening interaction with adult caregivers.Ĭ.Minimal social and emotional responsiveness to others.A persistent social and emotional disturbance characterized by at least two of the following: The child rarely or minimally responds to comfort when distressed.ī.The child rarely or minimally seeks comfort when distressed.
consistent pattern of inhibited, emotionally withdrawn behavior toward adult caregivers, manifested by both of the following: Reactive Attachment Disorder DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria Code 313.89 :265 It is also recognized as an emotional disorder which begins during childhood.
Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder is similar to Reactive Attachment Disorder but presents with externalizing behavior and a lack of inhibitions in behavior, rather the internalizing, withdrawn behavior and depressive symptoms present in Reactive Attachment Disorder. The newest guide to diagnosing mental disorders is the DSM-5, classifies this as a Stressor-related disorder which can only be caused by social neglect during childhood (meaning a lack of adequate caregiving). Conversion/ Dissociative Motor Disorder.Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Identity Disorder.Other Specified Dissociative Disorder & DDNOS.Depersonalization/ Derealization Disorder.Dissociative Disorders Dissociative Disorders.Borderline Personality Disorder and Others.Trauma Related Disorders Related Disorders.Overview of Trauma and Stressor-related Disorders.Trauma & Stressor Disorders Trauma & Stressor Disorders.